Abstract Detail

Phytochemical Section

Seiler, Gerald J. [1], Gulya, Thomas [2].

Evaluation of Helianhtus porteri Achenes for Oil Concentration and Fatty Acid Composition.

Confederate daisy, or Porter’s Golden-Eye, Helianthus porteri, formerly known as Viguiera porteri is an annual sunflower that was recently transferred to the genus Helianthus. It is an endemic species that occurs in and around granite outcroppings in the Piedmont regions of North and South Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia. Interest in using the wild species in sunflower breeding programs has increased, but information about the oil concentration and fatty acid composition is lacking for a number of endemic species. The objective of the study was to evaluate achene oil of H. porteri for oil concentration and fatty acid composition of four major fatty acids: palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), and linoleic (18:2). Oil concentration in achenes of eight H. porteri populations collected in Georgia and North Carolina varied from 269.5 to 318 g/kg, averaging 291 g/kg, which is low compared to 450 g/kg in cultivated sunflower oil. The low oil concentration should not be of concern because it can rapidly be increased by backcrossing with cultivated sunflower. Oleic acid concentration averaged 65.2 g/kg, which is low compared to normal sunflower oil. This was accompanied by a high linoleic acid concentration. The 815 g/kg average linoleic concentration in H. porteri was the highest observed in any wild species, with one population having a concentration of 834 g/kg. The higher linoleic acid concentrations (>700 g/kg) are generally observed at northern latitudes, while lower values are observed at southern latitudes. The concentration of palmitic and stearic acids in H. porteri averaged 55.8 g/kg and 32.1 g/kg, respectively, which is a reduction of 25% compared to commercial sunflower oil. The lower saturated fatty acid profile has the potential to reduce saturated fatty acids in commercial sunflower oil. Further research will be needed to determine the inheritance of the fatty acid composition.

Broader Impacts:

1 - USDA- ARS Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Sunflower Unit, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, ND, 58105, USA
2 - USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab., Sunflower Unit, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, USA

Keywords:
Sunflower
Helianthus
oil concentration
fatty acids
Genetic Resource
endemic plants.

Presentation Type: Poster:Posters for Sections
Session: P
Location: Hall A/Convention Center
Date: Monday, August 2nd, 2010
Time: 5:30 PM
Number: PPT001
Abstract ID:84